Puzzle : The Story of 3 Dragons

I met three dragons. One always tells the truth, other one always lies and the last one alternates between lie and truth.

Dragon 1: You may ask us one question, then you must guess which dragon is which

Dragon 2: He’s lying. You may get three questions

Dragon 3: Oh no. It’s definitely one question

I asked the first dragon a question

Me: What would the second dragon say if I were to ask it if the 3rd dragon had been lying when it agreed with the first one that I could ask only one question

Dragon 1: He’d say, “Yes, the 3rd dragon was lying”

Then I asked a second question addressing the three dragons…… But they remained silent.

And, I solved the puzzle in 90 sec.

So, which dragon is which?

Know the TRUTH of each dragon here! 

Source

Solution : Inside The Story of 3 Dragons

What was the story?

Let's see what are key statements in the story once again.

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Dragon 1: You may ask us one question, then you must guess which dragon is which.

Dragon 2: He’s lying. You may get three questions.

Dragon 3: Oh no. It’s definitely one question.

I asked the first dragon a question.

Me: What would the second dragon say if I were to ask it if the 3rd dragon had been lying when it agreed with the first one that I could ask only one question?

Dragon 1: He’d say, “Yes, the 3rd dragon was lying”

Then I asked a second question addressing the three dragons…… But they remained silent.

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On second question, they remained silent clearly indicates that only 1 question was allowed to ask. Hence, Dragon 2 must be lying for sure.

After knowing the fact that Dragon 2 lied in it's first statement, we know that first statements of Dragon 1 and Dragon 3 are true. 

Now, there are 2 cases possible for Dragon 1 and Dragon 3.

CASE 1 : Dragon 1 speaks alternate and Dragon 3 always tells the truth.

That means the Dragon 1 should lie in it's next statement given in response of my question. 

If Dragon 3 is always telling the truth, the Dragon 2 will always say that Dragon 3 is liar. 

Let's simplify my question to the Dragon 1 as - 

"What will Dragon 2 say if I ask it whether Dragon 3 is lying?" 

Now as per our logic the Dragon 1 should lie in response as - 

Dragon 1: He’d say, “Nope, the 3rd dragon is telling the truth” 

This is contradictory the actual response given by Dragon 1 to the question - 

"What will Dragon 2 say if I ask it whether Dragon 3 is lying?" 

Dragon 1: He’d say, “Yes, the 3rd dragon was lying”

Hence, assumption that Dragon 1 speaks alternate and Dragon 3 tells the truth goes wrong here.

CASE 2 : Dragon 1 tells the truth and Dragon 3 speaks alternate.

That means Dragon 1 will tell truth in response to my question. Since, Dragon 3 is telling truth in it's first statement the always lying Dragon 2 will say that Dragon 3 is lying if asked about Dragon 3.

This is the truth that Dragon 1 tells us in response to my question as - 

"What will Dragon 2 say if I ask it whether Dragon 3 is lying?" 

Dragon 1: He’d say, “Yes, the 3rd dragon was lying”

Hence, this assumption i.e. Dragon 1 tells the truth and Dragon 3 speaks alternate should be correct.

To conclude, Dragon 1 is telling the truth, Dragon 2 always lies and Dragon 3 speaks alternate.   
 

Puzzle : Who Stole Which Animal

A horse, a donkey and a camel were stolen.

Three suspects: Robert, Scott and Tommy. All we know that each person stole one animal, but we do not know who stole which. Here are the investigation statements.

Robert: Tommy stole the horse.

Scott: Tommy stole the donkey.

Tommy: They both were lying. I did not steal the horse or the donkey.

Later on, police found out =>

The man who stole the camel told a lie.


The man who stole the horse told the truth.

Can you find out who stole which?

Here is SOLUTION of the puzzle! 

Source

Solution : Who Stole Which Animal Puzzle

What was the puzzle?

Take a look at the statements of three suspects first - 
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Robert: Tommy stole the horse.

Scott: Tommy stole the donkey.

Tommy: They both were lying. I did not steal the horse or the donkey.

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And what the police found after investigation - 

----------------------------------------------------

1. The man who stole the camel told a lie.

2. The man who stole the horse told the truth.

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1. If the Robert is one who stole the HORSE then his statement must be TRUE where he say Tommy is the HORSE thief. 

If there are 2 person who stole the HORSE then Scott must have stolen 2 animals i.e. CAMEL and DONKEY. But as per given data, each person stole only 1 animal.

Hence, Robert can't be a HORSE thief.

2. Assuming Tommy is a HORSE thief & thereby taking his statement as TRUTH. But the assumption itself contradicts claim made by him in his statement where he says he didn't steal the HORSE. 

That is, Tommy too can't be a HORSE thief.

3. Only leftover suspect is Scott who must have stolen HORSE. And his statement must be TRUE. 

That means, Tommy has stolen the DONKEY and hence, Robert must be a CAMEL thief.  

PUZZLE : The Case of Honest Suspects

Handel has been killed and Beethoven is on the case. 

He has interviewed the four suspects and their statements are shown below. Each suspect has said two sentences. One sentence of each suspect is a lie and one sentence is the truth. 

Help Beethoven figure out who the killer is.

Joplin: I did not kill Handel. Either Grieg is the killer or none of us is.

Grieg: I did not kill Handel. Gershwin is the killer.

Strauss: I did not kill Handel. Grieg is lying when he says Gershwin is the killer.

Gershwin: I did not kill Handel. If Joplin did not kill him, then Grieg did.

Click here to know who is the killer! 

DETECTION : Killer in The Case of Honest Suspects

What was the case?

Let's first see what are the statements made by 4 suspects.

Joplin: I did not kill Handel. Either Grieg is the killer or none of us is.

Grieg: I did not kill Handel. Gershwin is the killer.

Strauss: I did not kill Handel. Grieg is lying when he says Gershwin is the killer.

Gershwin: I did not kill Handel. If Joplin did not kill him, then Grieg did. 

ANALYSIS :

1] If Joplin is the killer then his first statement would be lie & other statement must be true. But his second statement contradicts assumption that he is killer. So Joplin can't be the killer.

2] Let's assume Grieg is the killer. His first statement must be lie and second must be true. His second statement points to Gershwin as a killer. But there is one killer among 4 so Grieg and Gershwin can't be killers together. Therefore, Grieg can't be the killer.

3] Suppose Gershwin is the killer. Again, his first statement is lie and second is true. His true second statement suggests that Grieg is the killer as Joplin is assumed to be innocent in the case. Again, both Grieg and Gershwin can't be killers together since there is only one killer. Hence, Gershwin is not the killer.

4] Therefore, Strauss must be the killer. His first statement is lie and second statement is true. And that's how Grieg is lying when he is saying Gershwin is the killer.

CONCLUSION : 

STRAUSS is the one who committed the crime and his first statement is lie and second is true.

The first statements of rest of all suspects are true and second statements of each are lie.  

 

Crucial Support of a Girlfriend - Puzzle

A man escapes from jail with help from his girlfriend. Four girls are accused of being the man's girlfriend. His girlfriend is lying. Two girls are innocent and telling the truth. The other girl is the man's sister who is helping the girlfriend lie. 

Who is the man's sister?

Amanda: "Melinda is his girlfriend."

Vanessa: "Eva is lying."

Eva: "Amanda is lying."

Melinda: "Vanessa is not his sister."

Know who is man's sister! 

Crucial Support of Girlfriend Puzzle : Solution

What was the puzzle?

What we know so far.

A man escapes from jail with help from his girlfriend. Four girls are accused of being the man's girlfriend. His girlfriend is lying. Two girls are innocent and telling the truth. The other girl is the man's sister who is helping the girlfriend lie. 

And statements of four girls are - 

Amanda: "Melinda is his girlfriend."

Vanessa: "Eva is lying."

Eva: "Amanda is lying."

Melinda: "Vanessa is not his sister."

Now, for a moment, let's assume Amanda is telling the truth. Then Melinda must be man's girlfriend who is lying. Therefore, Vanessa must be man's sister who is lying in support of man's girlfriend Melinda. 

So, Vanessa's lying statement suggests that Eva must be telling the truth. But as per Eva, Amanda is lying which is contrary to our initial assumption that Amanda is telling the truth.

So, Amanda must be lying.

If Amanda is lying then Eva must be telling the truth. And if Eva is telling the truth then Vanessa must be lying. 

With that we have 2 lying girls viz. Amanda and Vanessa & Eva as innocent girl telling the truth. Therefore, other innocent girl must be Melinda who must be telling the truth. 

So, as per innocent Melinda, Vanessa isn't a man's sister, hence Amanda must be. And Vanessa is man's girlfriend.

Who is the President of Logitopia?

Larry, Matt, and Nick live in the strange country of Logitopia. 

This country is inhabited by three races of people: the type A people who always tell the truth, the type B people who always lie, and the type C people who alternately tell the truth and lie. One of the three is the president of Logitopia.

Larry makes these two statements:

1. "The president is of a different race from the other two."
2. "Matt is not the president."

Matt makes these two statements:

1. "The president is a type B person."
2. "Larry is not the president."

Nick makes these two statements:

1. "Exactly two of us are of the same race."
2. "I am not the president."

Who is the president?

Know the NAME of the President!
 

Larry is the President of Logitopia

What was the puzzle?

First thing to note that it's not mentioned any where that three people are three different types; there may be 2 who are the same type.

Let's have a look at the statements made by 3.

Larry makes these two statements:

1. "The president is of a different race from the other two."
2. "Matt is not the president."

Matt makes these two statements:

1. "The president is a type B person."
2. "Larry is not the president."

Nick makes these two statements:

1. "Exactly two of us are of the same race."
2. "I am not the president."
  
We'll refer Larry's statements as L1 & L2, Matt's as M1 & M2 and those of Nick's as N1 & N2.

ANALYSIS : 

1] Suppose Matt's first statement M1 is TRUE. So, he is not a TYPE B person for sure & hence not the president. Therefore, L2 must be TRUE making sure Larry is not TYPE B person nor a president. So, Nick must be the president & TYPE B person whose both statements are FALSE. Since, N1 is turning out to be FALSE, neither Matt nor Larry can be TYPE B or both of them can't be of the same type i.e. TYPE A or TYPE C. 

However, since M2 turns out to be TRUE, Matt must be TYPE A person and hence leaving Larry as a TYPE C person. In that case, since L2 is TRUE, L1 must be FALSE. But in the case the president (TYPE B) is really different from the other two (TYPE A and TYPE C) making L1 TRUE. So, the assumption that M1 is TRUE goes wrong here in the case.

2] Now, let's suppose that Matt himself is the president. Then, L2 must be FALSE and M2, N2 would be TRUE. Since, M2 is TRUE, Matt (the president) can't be TYPE B & we know M1 is FALSE,  Matt must be TYPE C person & president.

Anyhow, Larry's first statement L1 can't be TRUE as in that case, he too will be TYPE C person as president Matt which is against the statement L1 itself. Since, his other statement L2 is FALSE, he must be TYPE B person.

Now, with N2 to be TRUE, if N1 is assumed to be TRUE then Nick would be TYPE A person. So, all three would belong to 3 different races which contradicts statement N1 itself. Hence, N1 must be FALSE. 

And if N1 FALSE and N2 TRUE, Nick would be TYPE C person as president Matt while Larry being TYPE B person. But this makes statement N1 TRUE which again contradicts our conclusion above. 

Therefore, Matt too can't be the president.

3] Suppose Nick is the president. That would make N2 FALSE and L2, M2 TRUE.
As concluded in STEP 1 above, we know M1 has to be FALSE. Then the President Nick can't be TYPE B person. With one of his false statement N2, Nick must be TYPE C person. Therefore, N1 must be TRUE. So, both Matt and Nick are TYPE C persons. 

That indicates president isn't of a different race than other two. That is L1 turns out to be FALSE. With L2 proved TRUE already, Larry would be TYPE C person. So all three would be TYPE C which contradicts TRUE statement N1.

4] Therefore, Larry must be the president.

That is L2, N2 must be TRUE and M2 must be FALSE. With M1 proved FALSE already in [1] above, Matt must be TYPE B person. Nick can't be TYPE B person with TRUE N2. 

If N1 is TRUE (i.e. Nick is TYPE A person) then Larry must be the other person with TYPE A (since Matt is TYPE B person) along with Nick for N1 to be TRUE. So, L1 too has to be TRUE. But, the president Larry is of the same race as that of Nick which is against L1 itself.

Hence, N1 must be FALSE and Nick must be TYPE C person. And therefore, L1 has to be TRUE making president Larry as a TYPE A person.

CONCLUSION : 

The President of Logitopia is Larry who is TYPE A person. Matt is TYPE B person and Nick is TYPE C person. 

The Logical Lie Detection - Puzzle

Three Paley brothers and three Thomson brothers operate a company that manufactures lie detectors. Three of these six men always tell the truth, and three always tell lies; neither set of brothers consists exclusively of liars. 

Some recent statements from the six men are recorded below. 

Can you find the six men's full names, and tell which men tell the truth and which tell lies?

1. Alan: "Both my brothers tell lies."

2. Boris: "Both my brothers tell the truth."

3: Chuck: "Alan and Boris are both liars."

4. Dalman: "Chuck and I are brothers."

5. Edwin: "Boris and I are brothers."

6. Finney: "Edwin tells the truth."

7. Finney: "Boris is one of the Paleys."

Click here is the SOLUTION of the puzzle! 

The Logical Lie Detection - Solution

What was the puzzle?

The statement given by all the six persons are - 

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1. Alan: "Both my brothers tell lies."

2. Boris: "Both my brothers tell the truth."

3: Chuck: "Alan and Boris are both liars."

4. Dalman: "Chuck and I are brothers."

5. Edwin: "Boris and I are brothers."

6. Finney: "Edwin tells the truth."

7. Finney: "Boris is one of the Paleys."

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1] Since as per given information, neither set of brothers consists of entirely all liars (hence truth tellers), 3 liars (or 3 truth tellers) must be distributed as (2, 1 or 1, 2) among 2 groups of 3 brothers.

2] Boris says his both brothers are truth tellers. If his statement is true then there will be 3 brothers telling the truth which is impossible. Hence, Boris is a liar.

3] If Alan's statement (1) is truth then Chuck must be lying in his statement (3). And if Alan is lying then Chuck must be telling the truth. 

 That is one of the Alan or Chuck is a truth teller and other is a liar.

4] So far we got 2 liars (Boris and Alan/Chuck) and 1 truth teller (Chuck/Alan). Since, there are total of 3 liars & 3 truth tellers in total, there must be 2 truth tellers and 1 liar among Dalman, Edwin and Finny.

5] If Finney is lying then his statement (6) suggests that Edward is also liar. But we can't have 2 liars among Dalman, Edwin and Finney as deduced above. Hence, Finny must be telling the truth and hence Edwin.

6] The true statement (5) of Edwin suggests that Edwin and Boris are brothers and as per truth teller Finney, surname of Boris & hence of Edwin is Paley.

7] As Finney is telling the truth (and hence Edwin), the Dalman must be lying. This way, we have 2 truth tellers and 1 liar among Finney, Chuck and Dalman as deduced in step 4.

8] The lying statement (4) of Dalman suggests that Chuck and Dalman are not the brothers. Hence, one of them is Paley and other is Thomson.

9] So third brother of Boris and Edwin must be either Chuck or Dalman. So, Alan and Finney must be brothers having surname Thomson.

10] Since, Finny is telling the truth the statement (1) of Alan (suggesting both of his brothers are liars) must be a lie. 

11] And if Alan is lying then Chuck must be telling the truth (STEP 3).

12] Now, if Chuck is third brother of Boris and Edwin Paley, then statement of Boris (2) would be true and all Paley brothers would be truth tellers which is impossible.

13] Hence, Dalman who is liar (STEP 7) must be third brother of Boris and Edwin Paley.

14] Obviously, since Chuck isn't brother of Dalman, he must have surname Thomson like Alan and Finney.

CONCLUSION : 

Full Name : Alan Thompson,    Behavior : Liar
Full Name : Boris Paley,          Behavior : Liar
Full Name : Chuck Thomson,   Behavior : Truth teller
Full Name : Dalman Paley,      Behavior : Liar
Full Name : Edwin Paley,         Behavior : Truth teller
Full Name : Finney Thomson,   Behavior : Truth teller
 

"Which one of the golfers is Mr. Blue?"

Four golfers named Mr. Black, Mr. White, Mr. Brown and Mr. Blue were competing in a tournament. 

The caddy didn't know their names, so he asked them. One of them, Mr. Brown, told a lie.


The 1st golfer said "The 2nd Golfer is Mr. Black."

The 2nd golfer said "I am not Mr. Blue!"

The 3rd golfer said "Mr. White? That's the 4th golfer."

And the 4th golfer remained silent.

Which one of the golfers is Mr. Blue?

Know here who is named as Mr. Blue! 

The Golfer Whose Name is Mr.Blue!

What was the puzzle?

We know that Mr. Brown told a lie and statements of 3 golfers are - 

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The 1st golfer said "The 2nd Golfer is Mr. Black."

The 2nd golfer said "I am not Mr. Blue!"

The 3rd golfer said "Mr. White? That's the 4th golfer."

And the 4th golfer remained silent. 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------  

Let's name golfers as GOLFER 1, GOLFER 2, GOLFER 3 and GOLFER 4.

1. If we assume the GOLFER 1 is Mr. Brown then his statement must be lie and other 3 must be telling the truth. That is GOLFER 2 must not be Mr. Black and neither Mr. Blue while GOLFER 4 must be Mr. White. 

So, the only name left for GOLFER 2 is Mr. Brown which is already 'occupied' by GOLFER 1 as per our assumption. 

Hence, GOLFER 1 can't be Mr. Brown.

2. Let's suppose the GOLFER 2 himself is Mr. Brown who statement has to be lie. But in his statement he is telling the truth that he is not Mr. Blue. That's contradictory to the given fact that Mr. Brown told a lie.

Hence, GOLFER 2 must not be Mr. Brown.

3. Only golfer left now for the name Mr. Brown is GOLFER 3 who must be lying in his statement. So, the GOLFER 4 must not be Mr. White.

The GOLFER 2 must be Mr. Black as pointed be truly by GOLFER 1 and 'assisted' by true statement made by GOLFER 2.

If GOLFER 2 is Mr. Black, GOLFER 3 is Mr. Brown and GOLFER 4 is not Mr. White then GOLFER 1 must be Mr. White and GOLFER 4 must Mr. Blue.

So the golfer who is named as Mr. Blue is GOLFER 4 i.e. 4th golfer. 

 

"What day is it?"

A girl meets a lion and unicorn in the forest. The lion lies every Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday and the other days he speaks the truth. The unicorn lies on Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays, and the other days of the week he speaks the truth. 

“Yesterday I was lying,” the lion told the girl. “So was I,” said the unicorn. 

What day is it?

It must be .... day of the week. Click to know.

"The day must be a Thursday!"

Little story behind the title! 

Lion lies on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays and The Unicorn, on the other hand, lies on Thursdays, Fridays, and Saturdays.


That is on Sundays both must be telling the truth. 

Suppose Lion and Unicorn made those statements today.

Lion - “Yesterday I was lying,”  

Unicorn - “So was I,”  (“Yesterday I was too lying,” ) 

If it was Sunday today, then Lion's statement would have been lie as lion tells truth on Saturdays. But as per data, both must be telling the truth on Sundays. So it can't be Sunday today.

For rest of all days, one must be telling the truth and other must be lying.

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CASE 1 : Lion is lying and Unicorn is truth teller.

For Unicorn's statement - “Yesterday I too was lying,” to be true it must be Sunday today. But on Sunday, lion also speaks truth. And lion's statement can't be true on Sunday as concluded earlier. 

Hence, today must be the case below.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   
CASE 2 : Lion is truth teller and Unicorn is lying.

Again for Lion's statement - “Yesterday I was lying,” to be true it must be Thursday today. 

And if today is Thursday Unicorn is lying with it's statement - "“Yesterday I too was lying,” as it was Wednesday yesterday where Unicorn always tells truth on Wednesday. 

Hence, today, on Thursday, Unicorn must be lying with his statement while Lion is telling the truth. Both are as per behaving the given data.

 

So – who stole the apple?

During lunch, 5 of Mr. Bryant’s students visit the supermarket.

One of the 5, stole an apple.

When questioned…

  Jim said: it was Hank or Tom.
  Hank said: neither Eddie or I did it.
  Tom Said: you’re both lying
  Don said: no one of them is lying, the other is speaking the truth.
  Eddie said: no Don, that’s not true.

When the shop owner asked Mr. Bryant, he said that three of the boys are always truthful, but two lie all the time.

So – who stole the apple?

And the name of the person who stole the apple is......!